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Compare Bouvet Island (2003) - Seychelles (2005)

Compare Bouvet Island (2003) z Seychelles (2005)

 Bouvet Island (2003)Seychelles (2005)
 Bouvet IslandSeychelles
Administrative divisions - 23 administrative districts; Anse aux Pins, Anse Boileau, Anse Etoile, Anse Louis, Anse Royale, Baie Lazare, Baie Sainte Anne, Beau Vallon, Bel Air, Bel Ombre, Cascade, Glacis, Grand' Anse (on Mahe), Grand' Anse (on Praslin), La Digue, La Riviere Anglaise, Mont Buxton, Mont Fleuri, Plaisance, Pointe La Rue, Port Glaud, Saint Louis, Takamaka
Age structure - 0-14 years: 26.4% (male 10,839/female 10,601)


15-64 years: 67.4% (male 26,709/female 28,025)


65 years and over: 6.2% (male 1,622/female 3,392) (2005 est.)
Agriculture - products - coconuts, cinnamon, vanilla, sweet potatoes, cassava (tapioca), bananas; broiler chickens; tuna fish
Airports - 15 (2004 est.)
Airports - with paved runways - total: 8


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 4


under 914 m: 3 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total: 7


914 to 1,523 m: 3


under 914 m: 4 (2004 est.)
Area total: 58.5 sq km


land: 58.5 sq km


water: 0 sq km		 total: 455 sq km


land: 455 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC 2.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Background This uninhabited volcanic island is almost entirely covered by glaciers and is difficult to approach. It was discovered in 1739 by a French naval officer after whom the island was named. No claim was made until 1825, when the British flag was raised. In 1928, the UK waived its claim in favor of Norway, which had occupied the island the previous year. In 1971, Bouvet Island and the adjacent territorial waters were designated a nature reserve. Since 1977, Norway has run an automated meteorological station on the island. A lengthy struggle between France and Great Britain for the islands ended in 1814, when they were ceded to the latter. Independence came in 1976. Socialist rule was brought to a close with a new constitution and free elections in 1993. The most recent presidential elections were held in 2001; President RENE, who had served since 1977, was re-elected. In April 2004 RENE stepped down and Vice President James MICHEL was sworn in as president.
Birth rate - 16.22 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Budget - revenues: $318.3 million


expenditures: $298.5 million, including capital expenditures of NA (2004 est.)
Capital - Victoria
Climate antarctic tropical marine; humid; cooler season during southeast monsoon (late May to September); warmer season during northwest monsoon (March to May)
Coastline 29.6 km 491 km
Constitution - 18 June 1993
Country name conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Bouvet Island		 conventional long form: Republic of Seychelles


conventional short form: Seychelles
Death rate - 6.34 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Debt - external - $218.1 million (2004 est.)
Dependency status territory of Norway; administered by the Polar Department of the Ministry of Justice and Police from Oslo -
Diplomatic representation from the US - the US does not have an embassy in Seychelles; the ambassador to Mauritius is accredited to the Seychelles
Diplomatic representation in the US - chief of mission: Ambassador Claude Sylvestre MOREL


chancery: 800 Second Avenue, Suite 400C, New York, NY 10017


telephone: [1] (212) 972-1785


FAX: [1] (212) 972-1786
Disputes - international none together with Mauritius, Seychelles claims the Chagos Archipelago (UK-administered British Indian Ocean Territory)
Economic aid - recipient - $16.4 million (1995)
Economy - overview no economic activity; declared a nature reserve Since independence in 1976, per capita output in this Indian Ocean archipelago has expanded to roughly seven times the old near-subsistence level. Growth has been led by the tourist sector, which employs about 30% of the labor force and provides more than 70% of hard currency earnings, and by tuna fishing. In recent years the government has encouraged foreign investment in order to upgrade hotels and other services. At the same time, the government has moved to reduce the dependence on tourism by promoting the development of farming, fishing, and small-scale manufacturing. A sharp drop illustrated the vulnerability of the tourist sector in 1991-92 due largely to the Gulf war, and once again following the 11 September 2001 terrorist attacks on the US. Growth slowed in 1998-2002, and fell in 2003, due to sluggish tourist and tuna sectors, but resumed in 2004, erasing a persistent budget deficit. Tight controls on exchange rates and the scarcity of foreign exchange have impaired short-term economic prospects. The black market value of the Seychelles rupee is half the official exchange rate; without a devaluation of the currency the tourist sector may remain sluggish as vacationers seek cheaper destinations such as Comoros, Mauritius, and Madagascar.
Electricity - consumption - 202.8 million kWh (2002)
Electricity - exports - 0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - imports - 0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - production - 218 million kWh (2002)
Elevation extremes lowest point: South Atlantic Ocean 0 m


highest point: Olav Peak 935 m		 lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: Morne Seychellois 905 m
Environment - current issues NA water supply depends on catchments to collect rainwater
Environment - international agreements - party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups - mixed French, African, Indian, Chinese, and Arab
Exchange rates - Seychelles rupees per US dollar - 5.5 (2004), 5.4007 (2003), 5.48 (2002), 5.8575 (2001), 5.7138 (2000)
Executive branch - chief of state: President James MICHEL (since 14 April 2004); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


head of government: President James MICHEL (since 14 April 2004); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president


elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 31 August-2 September 2001 (next to be held NA 2006)


election results: France Albert RENE re-elected president; percent of vote - France Albert RENE (SPPF) 54.19%, Wavel RAMKALAWAN (UO) 44.95%, Philippe BOULLE 0.86%; note - the first time that presidential elections have been held separately from legislative elections; France Albert RENE stepped down 14 April 2004 and Vice President James MICHEL was sworn in as president
Exports - NA
Exports - commodities - canned tuna, frozen fish, cinnamon bark, copra, petroleum products (reexports)
Exports - partners - UK 27.7%, France 15.8%, Spain 12.6%, Japan 8.6%, Italy 7.5%, Germany 5.6% (2004)
Fiscal year - calendar year
Flag description the flag of Norway is used five oblique bands of blue (hoist side), yellow, red, white, and green (bottom) radiating from the bottom of the hoist side
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture: 2.8%


industry: 28.7%


services: 68.9% (2004 est.)
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $7,800 (2002 est.)
GDP - real growth rate - 1.5% (2004 est.)
Geographic coordinates 54 26 S, 3 24 E 4 35 S, 55 40 E
Geography - note covered by glacial ice; declared a nature reserve 41 granitic and about 75 coralline islands
Highways - total: 373 km


paved: 315 km


unpaved: 58 km (1997 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%: NA


highest 10%: NA
Imports - NA
Imports - commodities - machinery and equipment, foodstuffs, petroleum products, chemicals
Imports - partners - Saudi Arabia 15.5%, Spain 13.3%, France 10.3%, Singapore 7%, South Africa 6.8%, Italy 6.7%, UK 4.7% (2004)
Independence - 29 June 1976 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate - NA
Industries - fishing; tourism; processing of coconuts and vanilla, coir (coconut fiber) rope, boat building, printing, furniture; beverages
Infant mortality rate - total: 15.53 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 19.65 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 11.28 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - 5% (2004 est.)
International organization participation - ACCT, ACP, AfDB, AU, C, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt (signatory), ICFTU, ICRM, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, InOC, Interpol, IOC, ISO (correspondent), ITU, MIGA, NAM, OPCW, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO (observer)
Irrigated land 0 sq km (1998 est.) NA sq km
Judicial branch - Court of Appeal; Supreme Court; judges for both courts are appointed by the president
Labor force - 30,900 (1996)
Labor force - by occupation - agriculture 10%, industry 19%, services 71% (1989)
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (93% ice) (1998 est.)		 arable land: 2.22%


permanent crops: 13.33%


other: 84.45% (2001)
Languages - Creole 91.8%, English 4.9% (official), other 3.1%, unspecified 0.2% (2002 census)
Legal system the laws of Norway, where applicable, apply based on English common law, French civil law, and customary law
Legislative branch - unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (34 seats - 25 elected by popular vote, 9 allocated on a proportional basis to parties winning at least 10% of the vote; members serve five-year terms)


elections: last held 4-6 December 2002 (next to be held by 2007)


election results: percent of vote by party - SPPF 54.3%, SNP 42.6%, DP 3.1%; seats by party - SPPF 23, SNP 11


note: the 9 awarded seats are apportioned according to the percentage that each party won of the total vote
Life expectancy at birth - total population: 71.82 years


male: 66.41 years


female: 77.4 years (2005 est.)
Literacy - definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 91.9%


male: 91.4%


female: 92.3% (2003 est.)
Location island in the South Atlantic Ocean, southwest of the Cape of Good Hope (South Africa) archipelago in the Indian Ocean, northeast of Madagascar
Map references Antarctic Region Africa
Maritime claims territorial sea: 4 NM territorial sea: 12 nm


contiguous zone: 24 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm


continental shelf: 200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin
Merchant marine - total: 5 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 42,223 GRT/63,538 DWT


by type: cargo 1, chemical tanker 3, refrigerated cargo 1


foreign-owned: 1 (Nigeria 1) (2005)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of Norway -
Military branches - Seychelles Defense Force: Army, Coast Guard (includes Navy Wing, Air Wing), National Guard (2005)
Military expenditures - dollar figure - $12.3 million (2004)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP - 1.8% (2004)
National holiday - Constitution Day (National Day), 18 June (1993)
Nationality - noun: Seychellois (singular and plural)


adjective: Seychellois
Natural hazards NA lies outside the cyclone belt, so severe storms are rare; short droughts possible
Natural resources none fish, copra, cinnamon trees
Net migration rate - -5.54 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Political parties and leaders - Democratic Party or DP [James MANCHAM, Daniel BELLE]; Mouvement Seychellois pour la Democratie [Jacques HODOUL]; Seychelles National Party or SNP (formerly the United Opposition or UO) [Wavel RAMKALAWAN]; Seychelles People's Progressive Front or SPPF [France Albert RENE, James MICHEL] - the governing party
Political pressure groups and leaders - Roman Catholic Church; trade unions
Population uninhabited (July 2003 est.) 81,188 (July 2005 est.)
Population below poverty line - NA
Population growth rate - 0.43% (2005 est.)
Ports and harbors none; offshore anchorage only Victoria
Radio broadcast stations - AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 2 (1998)
Religions - Roman Catholic 82.3%, Anglican 6.4%, Seventh Day Adventist 1.1%, other Christian 3.4%, Hindu 2.1%, Muslim 1.1%, other non-Christian 1.5%, unspecified 1.5%, none 0.6% (2002 census)
Sex ratio - at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.95 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.48 male(s)/female


total population: 0.93 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
Suffrage - 17 years of age; universal
Telephone system - general assessment: effective system


domestic: radiotelephone communications between islands in the archipelago


international: country code - 248; direct radiotelephone communications with adjacent island countries and African coastal countries; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use - 21,700 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular - 54,500 (2003)
Television broadcast stations - 2 (plus 9 repeaters) (1997)
Terrain volcanic; coast is mostly inaccessible Mahe Group is granitic, narrow coastal strip, rocky, hilly; others are coral, flat, elevated reefs
Total fertility rate - 1.75 children born/woman (2005 est.)
Unemployment rate - NA
Waterways none -
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